Columbia Missourian Newspaper 1984-12-20

              STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY

UITT & LOUR

COLUMBIA. 0- - 65211

76th Year No. 83 Good Morning! It's Thursday, December 20, 1984 2 Sections 14 Pages 25 Cents

New York Times

WASHINGTON - The United States an-nounced

Wednesday that it would withdraw

from UNESCO at the end of this month. It said

the agency had largely failed to meet Ameri-can

demands that it rid itself of mismanage-ment,

politicization and " endemic hostility"

toward a free press, free markets and individ-ual

human rights.

The United States, which contributed about

25 percent of this year's $ 187 million budget for

the U. N. Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization, warned the 161- count- ry, Paris- base- d

group a year ago that it would pull out if

changes were not made.

In announcing the withdrawal Wednesday

afternoon, Gregory J. Newell, assistant secre-tary

of state for international organization af-fairs,

said that while UNESCO had made some

effort to change, " an unacceptable gap clearly

remains." Newell added that the administra-tion

would establish observer teams to keep an

eye on UNESCO with the hope that enough

changes eventually would be made to permit

the United States to rejoin.

In the meantime, he said, the United States

will continue to support educational, scientific,

cultural and communications activities

through other global agencies.

" The circumstances that impelled us last

year to announce our plan to withdraw have

not changed sufficiently this year to warrant a

change in our decision," Newell said as he ex-plained

the American position. " Extraneous

politicization continues, as does, regrettably,

an endemic hostility toward the institutions of

a free society particularly those that protect

a free press, free markets and, above all, indi-vidual

human rights. UNESCO's mismanage-ment

also continues, and approximately 80

percent of its $ 374 million biennial budget is

sail spent at its Paris headquarters, leaving

only 20 percent to be spent elsewhere."

UNESCO was set up in 1946 to promote the

exchange of educational, scientific and cultu-ral

information. In recent years, in the view of

American officials, particularly conservatives

in the Reagan administration, and officials of

some other countries, notably Britain, UNES-CO's

management has been wasteful and its

activities have increasingly been dominated

by a coalition of Third World and Soviet- blo- c

countries that seek a " new order" in economic

and communication matters.

Summing up such concerns at one point last

year, the United States charged that UNESCO

had " become involved in political issues be-yond

the scope of its constitution; introduced

concepts emphasizing rights of states rather

than individuals into some of its programs; not

properly managed its personnel, programs

and financial activities."

The British, who contributed 8 percent of

UNESCO's budget this year, have indicated

they may withdraw from the organization by

the end of 1985 if sweeping changes are not

made. Should Britain withdraw, some UNES-CO

officials have said privately, a climate

might be established that would put the organi-zation's

long- ter- m survival in doubt.

As an example of the politicization of UNES-CO,

its critics point out that at one point the or-ganization

withheld cultural aid from Israel on

the ground that Israel had altered " historical

features" in Jerusalem during excavations

there. At another point, the critics note, UNES-CO

condemmad what it described as Israel's

" cultural assimilation" of Arabs in occupied

territory.

The critics contend that, increasingly. UN-ESCO

tends to view economics from the Soviet

and Third World viewpoints, in which controls,

particularly in the case of the Soviets, play a

much greater role than in capitalistic, free- mark- et

economies.

Further, say the critics, the UNESCO ap-proach

to the freedom of the press and toward

human rights tends, in general, to reflect un-usual

Soviet and Third World influence, with

controls of various types often emphasized.

The critics particularly deplore UNESCO's ef-fort

to set guidelines for journalists in order to

promote " responsible" reporting.

Harold W. Andersen, chairman of the World

Press Freedom Committee, said in a

statement the group will " monitor commu-nications

issues at UNESCO and fight for press

freedom. These issues will not be any less im-portant

now."

Andersen, president the Omaha- Heral- d

World Co., said the committee " will be watch-ing,

as will others, to see whether there will be

reforms substantial enough to warrant consid-eration

of the U. S. rejoining UNESCO."

Gregory Newell

Confirms withdrawal from UNESCO

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Noisy nod

The volume was a little high for Florence

King ( foreground), a resident of Olathe

-

UPlTelephoto

( Kan.) J- lor- ne, as a group of Christmas carol-ers

sing during a visit to the home recently.

Factory would make Chinese spice

ByMikeMeQuIn

Mtesourten staff writer

Local businessman Yung T. Chow says by squeezing

the sauce out of mid- Misso- uri soybeans, he can squeese

some life into the Boone County economy.

Chow, owner of the House of Chow, 2101 W. Broadway,

and the Peking Garden, 219 S. Ninth St., plans to build c

soy sauce factory the nation's third in Boone Coun-ty.

Chow says his company, Wan Snow Pood Inc., will em-ploy

25 people. The factory is to be located at US. 63

North and Route W near PrathsrsvUle and will become

fully operational by early summer. The total cost for

land, equipment and construction will be 09,090.

Four Taiwanese investors also are involved h the

company. . ...

" They are the experts of soy sauce," says Chow of his

Taiwanese partners. " Mainly, my purpose is to hekj

these four people getstarted."

Chow says the soy sauce will be manufactured the ow--

fashioned way without chemicals. " It will take us six

months to ferroentthe soy sauce," be says.

" Chemicals are quicker, it makes the sauce ferment

faster, but it's not as good. We want to take the time so

people will like it. It's good for health."

Soy sauce is a mixture of the fermented juice of soy-beans

and wheat kernels, with a dash of water and pre-servatives.

Chow says soy sauce originated in China as a spice and

a marinade.

A native of Yantai, Chow says the soy sauce will be

packaged in Sve- gaUc- n drums, which he plans to sell to

Missouri ' s 1 ,000 Chinese restaurants.

Chow says the plant will produce 1,000 gallons of soy

sauce a dayby late 1086.

" We're going to suppry Chinese kitchens," he says.

" Later, maybe in two or three years, we may go into the

supermarkets."

The Boone County Planning and Zoning Commission

will consider resoning the proposed factory site from ag-ricultural

to commercial at its first meeting in 1985.

Weinberger: Newspaper

WASHINGTON ( UPI) Reagan

Administration officials Wednesday

accused the Washington Post news-paper

of jeopardizing national secu-rity

by publishing a report that a spy

satellite will be launched over the

Soviet Union in a secret shuttle mis-sion

next month.

The Post reported Wednesday that

the secret military cargo on next

month's Discovery mission is a $ 300

million Air Force satellite that will

orbit over the western reaches of the

Soviet Union.

The newspaper said it could be

used to pick up radio signals from

Soviet missile tests that could verify

compliance with arms control agree-ments.

Defense Secretary Caspar Wein-berger

called the Post's reporting of

the story " the height of journalistic

irresponsibility."

Penatagon spokesman Robert

O'Brien said several news organiza-tions

had been aware of the story,

but abided by Pentagon requests

that the information not be pub-lished.

" These requests were made and

responsibly honored by many net-works,"

O'Brien said. " The Wash- -

Spy satellites' future .. Page2A

ington Post felt that they simply had

to run the story."

Weinberger, when asked if publi-cation

was a violation of national se-curity,

told the Cable News Network,

" I think it is. I think it is something

that should not be discussed in the

public prints."

White House spokesman Larry

Speakes, asked if President Reagan

thought the disclosure damaged na-tional

security, said, Tm- ure- " be

does." The actual effect, he said,

" remains to be seen."

Because of the disclosure, the Pen-tagon

and the National Aeronautics

and Space Administration have im-posed

unprecedented restrictions on

information about the shuttle mis-sion.

They have banned interviews

with the all- milit- ary crew and re-fused

to give the launch time for the

Jan. 23 mission.

Ben Bradlee, executive editor of

the Post, denied that the story,

which he called " a careful review of

what is known about the upcoming

shuttle launch," had breached na-tional

security.

" We kept out of our story informa-tion

we knew the Pentagon consid-ered

sensitive," Bradlee said in a

statement Wednesday. " Virtually

every fact we mentioned is a matter

of public record.

" We take it most seriously when

anyone says that a story we printed

breaches national security," he sad

" We think Secretary Weinberger's

reaction is not justified.'

The shuttle's new role as a mili-tary

carrier has led to an unprece-dented

secrecy over its cargo and

flight plan. Project officials refuse to

say how long Discovery will stay up

and promise only 16 hours notice of

its landing.

Communications from the five as-tronauts

aboard will be specially

coded to black out the public and

there will be no interviews or news

conferences with the crew, before or

after the flight

The secrecy guidelines cover all

military missions of the shuttle.

Three such flights are planned for

1985; more than 30 military payloads

are booked for shuttle missions

through 1989.

Reagan administrationto aim

for flexibility during arms talks

Soviet official issues challenge

WASHINGTON ( UPI) - The

White House, " encouraged" by a So-viet

desire for dialogue, declared

Wednesday that President Reagan

has " every intention to be flexible"

in talks next month aimed at a revi-- .

val of arms control negotiations.

" We're willing to approach these

talks with an attitude of open- mindednes- s,"

said White House

spokesman Larry Speakes.

Speakes refused to attach high ex-pectations

to the Jan. 7-- 8 meeting in

Geneva, Switzerland, between Sec-retary

of State George Shultz and So-viet

Foreign Minister Andrei Gro- myk- o.

But he conveyed a hope by

Reagan that the talks will " set the

framework for future discussions"

on nuclear arms and weapons in

space.

" We expect them to be sessions

that include intense discussions,

hard bargaining," Speakes said.

" We don't expect to be able to solve

all the hard, complicated problems

that are involved in U- S.- Sov-iet

rela-tions

during the two- daymeetin- g."

Speakes said Shultz will have in-structions

from Reagan to be flexi-ble

and " hear the Soviet proposals."

He declined to respond directly to a

challenge leveled Tuesday by Soviet

Politburo member Mikhail Gorba-chev,

who said in London that " it is

now up to the United States to make

a move" if the Geneva discussions

are to lead to substantive and suc-cessful

arms control talks.

Without addressing Gorbachev's

statement, Speakes said the White

House was otherwise " encouraged

that the Soviets are willing to enter a

dialogue."

With less than three weeks re-maining

before the Geneva talks,

Reagan discussed strategy Wednes-day

with Edward Rowny, chief U. S.

negotiator at the suspended Strateg-ic

Arms Reduction Talks.

Reagan was briefed on prepara-tions

for the Shultz- Gromyk- o dis-cussions

dealing with long- rang- e nu-clear

arms. Speakes said the two

agreed " that the best way to reduce

the risk of nuclear war is through

equitable and verifiable agreements '

to reduce nuclear weapons."

Arms control negotiations between

the two superpowers have been in

the deep freeze for more than a year.

In the past, U. S. officials from

Reagan on down have argued that

the United States has put forth no

shortage of arms control proposals,

only to see them ignored or rejected

by Moscow, and that the burden of

moving the process forward should

rest on the Soviets.

By Gregory Gordon

United Press International

WASHINGTON Adm. Hymsn

Rickover, who built the 141- shi- p nu-clear

Navy from scratch, became a

darling of Congress because of his

engineering genius and his tight- fiste- d

negotiating stance with bud- getrbusu- ng

shipbuilders.

Now Navy investigators have

turned up evidence that Rickover,

who was forced from his Job in 1881

after 63 years in the military, culti-vated

friends on Capitol Hill in other

ways, too.

He gave them gifts tens of thou- -

sands of dollars worth of silver gob-- I

lets, golden charms, butter knives,

clocks, silver platters, electric tocSh-- I

brushes, Italian tea warmers, desk

gZeaag& sA I . IBS

avWMIIBW'p surface

sets, firths of liquor and even saower

curtains, all footed by General Dy-namics

Corp. and other defense con--'

tractors.

Rickover also sent commemora-tive

mementoes to at least five presi-dents.

As the tale of Rickover's private

lobbying campaign has unraveled,

law enforcement agencies have es-- tablishe- dthis

bizarre twist: Rickov-er

commonly demanded gifts from

defense contractors who feared his

wrath and went to great lengths to

fulfill his requests; he then, in effect,

" laundered" the corporate gifts by

passing them to members of Con-gress

while pushing his nuclear pro-grams.

By spreadsig largess and accept-ing

a few valuable items himself, the

84- year-- old retired admiral, long

heralded as a Navy hero, has found

himself a subject of criminal investi-gations

focusing on the activities of

General Dynamics, the nation's

largest defense contractor.

Law enforcement officials value at

up to $ 250,000 the gifts he took from

GD and other contractors, stressing

he gave almost all of them away.

" He'd try to promote the nuclear

program," a source close to Rickov-er

said. " It obviously worked, didn't

it? He stayed in the Navy for 30

years ( beyond regular retirement

time) and had a lot of friends on Ca-pitol

Bill."

By accepting gifts from a federal

official such as Rickover, members

of Congress were freed from con-gressional

ethics limits requiring

them to report any gifts exceeding

$ 35 in value from a non- governme- nt

source. Had the mementos come di-rectly

from General Dynamics,

many of them would fan within the

reporting requirement, law enforce- mentsoarc- es

said.

Rickover's' defenders are legion,

even among those investigating him.

" There is no evidence feat Rickov-er

was any less of the crusty cur-mudgeon

as he was before" in deal-ing

with defense contractors, said a

law enforcement source familiar

with a Naval Investigative Service

inquiry into the gift- givin- g.

" I think they ( the Navy and the

company) are trying to hold Rickov-er

down as a scapegoat and I resent

that," Sea William Proxmire, D- Wi- s.,

said of the public attention fo-cused

on Rickover. " Anybody who

knows Admiral Rickover knows that

he is not the kind of person who is

greedy.

" He lives a very, very simple

humble life. I've been in his apart-ment

It's a small apartment ... He

has no interest in aggrandizement of

any kind."

Said Frank Duncan, an Energy

Department historian, " His contri-butions

to the nation have been tre-mendous.

As you look at the nuclear

ships and their propulsion plants, ev-ery

one of them works, and they

work superbly."

Rickover was drawn into the con-troversy

last spring when a fugitive

General Dynamics executive, P. Ta- k- is

Veliotis, gave federal investiga-tors

company documents showing

that Rickover requested jewelry

from officials of the firm's Groton,

Conn., shipyard in 1977.

Law enforcement sources said

Rickover asked for the gifts for his

Seo CONGRESS, Paga 8A