Columbia Missourian Newspaper 1979-12-16

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" 2nd Year No. 80 ; xd Morniii"! ht Sunday. I Irwmber If. Ic7 4 Sections 60 Pages 35 Cents
Shah9s exit draws renewed trial threats
lis Irass ...
Hostage spy hearings
to ' definitely begin'
From rear wire services
A spokesman for the Islamic militant students holding
the American Embassy said Saturday soon after learning
of the deposed shah's departure for Panama that spy trials
for the 50 American hostages in Tehran will " definitely be--
Revolutionary officials in Tehran appeared likely, in the
wake of the shah's flight from the United States, to hold the
long- threaten- ed trials of the diplomatic personnel who bad
become bargaining chips for the shah's return to Iran to
face a revolutionary court.
The official Pars news agency quoted the students as
saying that spy trials for the 50 Americans held captive for
the past six weeks are now " inevitable" because the shah's
departure meant the United States . could no longer be
forced into extraditing him to Iran to face trial.
The armed militant students occupying the U. S. Embas-sy
issued a brief statement through Pars saying that spy
trials for the Americans would be " the minimum step"
taken against the United States for allowing the shall to go
to Panama instead of sending him back to Iran.
" Now that the ex- sha- h has left the U. S. A. for Panama
the trial of the U. S. hostages in Iran is inevitable," a
spokesman for the embassy militants said.
" This is the minimum step we will take," the spokesman
said, adding that further communiques would be issued
later.
In the first reaction by a government official, Finance
& fr& He's feeea a maa without a country . Since vrAwi. Mi enter from his native ceantry 11
HSr v? k months ago, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi has
ra. ' AeXI been accused of torturing hundreds, uVtf murdering thoaaands and stealing millions. Vjfck Anentire nation craeUy has denounced his rm past; no nattenhas wanted to accent his JggggLi future. Saturday his lonely sojourn ceased.
Minister Abol Hassan Bani Sadr, considered the Islamic
regime's most moderate figure, also said, " We must hold
this trial."
Iran's ruling 13- m- an Revolutionary Council met in secret
session and afterwards, Bani Sadr said the shah's depar-ture
from the United States was further evidence of " an in-ternational
corruption in which America and the shah have
had their hand in."
Hassan Habibi, the council's official spokesman, said it
would meet again today and take the " necessary deci-sions"
concerning the fate of the hostages.
Diplomats said the final word on whether or not the
Americans will be tried as spies a charge that carries
the death penalty would have to come from Ayatollah
Ruhollah Khomeini himself.
Khomeini's office in the holy city of Qom said that the
ayatollah was preparing Saturday night to meet with his
closest circle of advisers, including his son Hojatulislam
Ahmad Khomeini, to dicuss the new development. The of-fice
said they did not expect him to issue a statement Sat-urday
night.
Sheikh Sadeq Khalkhali, Iran's senior Islamic judge, told
reporters earlier Saturday that Khomeini had not yet de-cided
whether to try the hostages as spies.
But he added that should the trials be held, then " the tri-als
of the hostages will be the trial of President Carter."
In the past, spokesmen for the students holding the em--
( See WORLD, Page 16A)
Insight
OPEC weaklings
now world power
Experts express concern
about possibility of oil era
By Anthony J. Parisi
New York Times
CARACAS, Venezuela Seven years ago, OPEC was an
acronym -- nown only to oil specialists; today it is practically
a household word. To some, it has been the savior of the
Third World, to others the scourge of the first Whatever the
perception, since its inception in I960, the Organization of Pe-troleum
Exporting Countries has evolved from what was
considered a hapless group of upstarts into one of the most
powerful groups on earth.
Now, in the view of many experts on international oil,
OPEC may be on the verge of expanding its horizons still
more. To oil specialists, the pricing meeting that opens here
Monday may mean more than just higher prices for petro-leum
products; it may mark the beginning of a new and
even more worrisome oil era.
" Until this year, OPEC has been more a price cartel than a
quantity cartel," Dankwart Rustow, a professor of political
science at the City University of New York and author of the
1976 book " OPEC: Success and Prospects," said in a recent
interview. " But lately it has in a sense become a quantity
cartel. Informally at least, it has started to divide the market
up among its members, which it never really did before. Asa
result, OPECs belief that its oil is more valuable in the
ground has become a self- fulfill- ed prophecy."
As he and others see it, even if there are no new oil shocks
such as another, revolution in Iran, the world may be enter-ing
a period of perennially tight oil supplies not so much
because oil is running out but because OPEC, whose mem-bers
control three- quarte- rs of all known oil reserves and sat-isfy
60 percent of the total demand for oil in the non- Commu- nist
world, may never again let supply and demand attain
more than a tenuous balance.
Not everyone is convinced that the future will actually
prove so dire. Although a handful of OPEC countries have in-dicated
they will reduce production next year, it remains to
be seen whether their cutbacks will be big enough to cause
problems.
Saudi Arabia, which has been a big question mark all
along, announced last week that it would continue producing
at its current rate cf 9.5 million barrels a day. Thus, other
OPEC nations must reduce output just to keep a surplus
from developing, because the demand for oil is expected to
be no higher in I960 than the 53 million barrels a day or so
that it has been in 1979 and because non- OPE- C production,
now averaging more than 21 million barrels a day, is ex-pected
to rise slightly once again.
The fear, though, is that when and if a surplus does show
up, enough oil exporters will trim output to quickly wipe it
out.
That would be new even for a world that has experienced
two general oil shortages within five years and a 204dd in-crease
in prices in the last 10. In the period between the Arab
oil embargo of 1973- 7- 4 and the downfall of Shah Mohammad
Reza Pahlavi of Iran, oil was not only widely available but
was in surplus. The price was high, but the oil was there
much of the time.
The danger in the new OPEC strategy, analysts say, is the
inherent uncertainty of it aU. They argue that the nirabJe- fin- gere- d
adjustments OPEC now apparently has in raisd are
extremely difficult for even a cohesive entity to perform,
roach less a group of 13 members with very diverse econom-ic,
political and social makeups sad objectives. The ttabot
could be recurring shortages even when shortages are net in-tended
and panic- buyin- g even when supplies appear ad-equate.
I " Insufficient supplies at any given OPEC- edminister- ed
i ( See OIL, Page ISA)
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Photo fUcstntfee by Mania Joy Ptosk
Educators say computer toys may be the learning tools of the future
Computer toys may be solution
to make classes learning fun
ByAmyMinkk
Mssoariaa staff writer
If computer toys ever replace traditional methods of
teaching in the classroom, children may have more fun
while they team.
Today's current craze, computer toys, is beginning to
make its mark in toy stores, homes and classrooms
across the country.
But the real news about computer toys is who is buying
them and what these toys may contribute to education in
the coming years.
Computer toys may well be the learning machines of
the future, educators predict.
Toys like Speak and Spell, which teaches a child how to
avoid misspelling words; Simon, which helps train the
nonverbal memory and Merlin, sis games in one, are
available in Columbia.
Today's child finds the new computer toys challenging.
Children learn how to solve geometry problems and how
jj to spell words while they are having fun using the toys.
1 Howard Gardner, co- direct- or of Project Zero, a re-- 1
search team at the Harvard University Graduate School
1 ci Education has investigated the future cf the computer
I toys.
1 Gardner calls the toys " learning machines" because he
I says they come closer to imitating the style of human in-- 1
teQigence than teaching machines of the past.
I Gardner, in a report in Psychology Today, said the com-- 1 puters " resemble the ideal teacher model by recreating
1 the fabled educational relationship with an eager student
on one end of a log and the gifted student on the other.
" It also serves as a prod, a corrective, a sly opponent
against which they can exercise their wits," he said.
Gardner says individuals differ from one another in ca-pacities
such as pattern perception, linguistic memory or
the ability to transform a formula.' ' These differences of-ten
count mightily against otherwise motivated stu-dents."
So the mini- compute- rs would work on a one on one basis
to help the student to overcome learning problems, Gard-ner
said.
" They hold tremendous potential," said Robert Revs,
professor of mathematics education with the University.
" They offer challenging problem- solvin- g situations for
kids," he said.
Keys, who said he's a strong advocate of calculators, a
type of computer toy, said studies show the use of calcula-tors
" will not rot a child's mind."
" Teachers need to be aware of the developing technolo-gy
and ways to use these methods effectively," Reys said.
Some types of computers called micro proscessors are al-ready
being used in some school districts. These arc mini-computers
that can be programmed in the classroom.
The current mini- compute- rs used in some classrooms
are now available for home purchase.
Some educators say toy computers may free teachers in
the classroom so they can direct their attention to other
tasks like encouraging social and emotional development
( See TOY, Page ISA)
in Paatanta
Pahlavi finds asylum
on small Pacific isle
From our wire services
Panama granted political asylum to Shah Mohammed
Reza Pahlavi and the deposed monarch took up residence
on the remote Pacific island of Contadora Saturday, end-ing
a 16,400- mil- e ( 26,240- kilomete- r) odyssey that started
Jan. 16 when he fled Tehran.
The former ruler of Iran departed secretly from the
United States Saturday morning. " Panama took the deci-sion
to grant political asylum to the deposed shah of Iran to
contribute to the solution of the world crisis," said Pana-manian
President Aristides Royo.
But there was no indication that the shah's departure
would bring an early resolution to the 42- d- ay old crisis with
Iran. Jody Powell, the White House spokesman, said Pana-ma
was granting him sanctuary in the hope this will help
" bring about a peaceful resolution of the present crisis."
Secretary of State Cyrus R. Vance said that " I honestly
don't know" the effect of the shah's departure. " I would
hope this would move us toward the immediate release of
the hostages. That's what we've been seeking all along."
The shah's departure prompted Iranian militants at the
conquered American Embassy in Tehran to say they will
make good on their threat to try the hostages as spys.
American officials, however, obviously were banking on
the hope that the shah's departure eventually will provide
Iranian authorities with grounds to end the crisis.
Reaction from Capitol Hill was swift. " The departure of
the shah to Panama is a welcome development," said Sen--
ate Democratic leader Robert Byrd. " It removes the last
vestiges of wayward reasoning that would have the United
States return the shah in exchange for the American hos-tages."
There were many unanswered questions on the next dip-lomatic
steps. At the moment, the crisis seemed to be en-tering
another phase with the shah's departure, the threat
to put the hostages on trial and Saturday's order by the In-ternational
Court of Justice that the hostages be released
immediately.
Administration officials said they were going to wait a
few days to test the reaction in Iran before moving to in-crease
economic pressures on Iran, either through the
U. N. Security Council or some other way.
At a White House briefing shortly before noon, Powell
announced that at 7 : 15 a . m. CST the shah had left Lackland
Air Force Base, Texas, aboard an Air Force plane bound
for Panama. He had been staying at the base hospital since
Dec. 2.
" He will establish residence there in response to a
longstanding invitation from the government of Panama,"
he said.
The press secretory said Panama had first invited the
shah about 10 months ago, at the time he left Iran to go into
exile. That trip first took him to Egypt and Morocco, and
then to the Bahamas and Mexico before arriving in New
( See CARTER, Page 16A)
J Home alterations
J increase in city
1 By Chuck Cozette
I Missourian staff writer
1 Although higher interest rates have discouraged the buy- -
ing of new houses, many people are making due with what
I they have by building additions and alterations to their pre--
1 sent homes.
I " In the last few months there has been quite a movement" I toward alterations " and I believe it's due to the higher inter- -
I est rates," said Fred Geisler, owner of Geisler Construction
9 Co- -
1 The Columbia Public Works Department reported that 20
I permits for residential additions and alterations were grant-- 1
ed in November. That's a 60 percent increase from last No-- I
vember.
Commercial alteration and addition permits have in-creased
25 percent from the same month last year from
nine last year to 12 this year.
The average value of the residential additions increased
from about $ 1,900 to $ 4,500 an addition. That reflects an in-crease
in the extent of the homeowners' alterations and the
growing cost of construction.
The increase in home improvements has been a definite
help to the struggling construction industry, a business par-ticularly
susceptible to a tight money market. " It's helping a
lot of the builders right now." Geisler said.
About 90 percent of Geisler's current business is in addi-tions
and alterations. Granted, he said, " we do a lot of this
kind of work anyway."
The trend of renovating existing structures reflects the
1 common- sens- e economic approach homeowners are taking,
Geisler said. " They've looked at it from a dollar and cents
1 standpoint and are realizing they might be better off where
I they are."
Many homeowners hold mortgages negotiated when the in-terest
rates were 7 percent to 8 percent. If they were to sell
their houses and buy a new one, they would be forced to pay
upward of 13 percent interest on a new home loan.
Avoiding Civil War II?
The Senate killed an amendment Saturday that would have
extended the " windfall profits" tax to royalties on oil owned
by the states. Critics said the amendment, offered by Mis-souri's
John Danforth, would have been ' the first shot in an-other
war between the states." See Page 5A.
8 p. m. All- Classi- cal Christmas Program, Ad Hoc Singers
and Columbia Choral Ensemble, First Presbyterian Church.
Free.
m $ wsa Bliil& iy
7 pjn. City Council meets, fourth floor, County- Cit- y BaM--
7: 39 p. na. Men's basketball, Missouri vs. Oral Roberts Uni-versity,
Hearnes Center.
7: pm. Girl's basketball, Ceotralia vs. Hickman, Hick-
Iinmga. n High School.
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